You can play on a world you made in singleplayer, or bring one over from another host. The trick is getting the folders in the right place.
1. Find the world
Singleplayer: in Minecraft, select the world, click Edit, then Open World Folder. You want that whole folder. It contains level.dat and a region folder.
Another host: download the world folder (often world) using their file manager or SFTP.
2. Stop your server and take a backup
Stop the server from the Console tab, then take a backup on the Backups tab. If anything goes wrong you can put things back.
3. Upload it
For a small world, open the Files tab and upload the folder's files. For anything big, use SFTP: it handles large uploads and whole folders. Your SFTP details are on the server's Settings tab, and FileZilla or WinSCP both work.
Upload it next to the existing world, as a new folder, for example myworld. Inside it you should see level.dat straight away, not another folder first. myworld/level.dat is right; myworld/myworld/level.dat won't load.
4. Point the server at it
Edit server.properties and set:
level-name=myworld
Start the server. It loads myworld instead of world.
The Nether and the End
Singleplayer and vanilla servers keep the Nether and End inside the world folder (DIM-1 and DIM1). Paper, Purpur and Spigot keep them as separate folders next to it: myworld_nether and myworld_the_end.
If you upload a singleplayer world to a Paper server, Paper moves the Nether and End out into their own folders the first time it starts. That's normal. Going the other way (Paper to singleplayer), move the DIM-1 and DIM1 folders from inside myworld_nether and myworld_the_end back into the main world folder.
It loaded a brand new world instead
The server couldn't find level.dat where it expected, so it made a fresh world. Check:
level-namematches the folder name exactly, including capitals.level.datis directly inside that folder.- The upload finished. A half-uploaded
regionfolder loads with missing chunks.
Delete the new world the server just made, fix the layout and start again.
Questions
Can I upload a Bedrock world to a Java server?
Not directly. Bedrock and Java store worlds differently. A converter such as Chunker can turn a Bedrock world into a Java one first.
My world is from an older Minecraft version. Will it work?
Newer versions upgrade older worlds when they load them. Back it up first, because the upgrade can't be undone and a world can't go back to an older version.
How big a world can I upload?
As big as your plan's storage. Use SFTP for anything over a few hundred megabytes.